Vocabulary


1. champ:(noun) the same as 'champion'
    what a champ! 대단하다. (이 드라마에선 '좋은 분이었지'로 해석했군-)

2. nun:(noun)수녀, 여승.

3. rattling: (adj) 덜거덕, 덜컹 거리는

4. grain: (noun) 곡물 곡식의 낱알.
    여기서는 알약 16알을 '16 grains'라고 표현했음.

5. bump:  일반 사전에서는 절대 뜻이 안나오더군. 결국 (마)약을 흡입하거나, 약을 뜻하는 것임.
'To Bump' something is to snort a drug. Usually Ketamine but can be speed or coke.
To have 'A Bump' is to snort a small, conveniant amount of the above substances. Usually on the corner of a credit card or a small line snorted from your hand or otherwise.
At home: "Let's 'bump' a some fat line's of K and get into a K-Hole."
At a Club: "Here, have 'a bump' offa this bankcard."
  *"Just a little bump to get me up and running" : 나를 일으켜 달리게 하기 위한 약간의 약. 

6. thready: 실 같은, 가느다란.

7. lucid:(adj) 명쾌한, 명료한

8. puff up: 부어오르다. 불룩해지다. / ~을 부어오르게 하다.

9. rip:(갑자기 거칠게) 찢다, 찢어지다. 째다.

10. to death: 죽어라고, 극도로
   * I'm sick to death of your endless criticism.

11. in the meantime: 그 동안에. 그러는 동안에




Useful expression


1. She's the one who told me that the people with the greatest capacity for good are the ones with the greatest capacity for evil.
: 그녀가 말하길 선한 일을 할 수 있는 사람이 악한일도 할 수 있는거라고 했다.

 흠. 해석해보면 어려운 문장도 아니고 복잡한 문장도 아닌데, 막상 이런 문장이 입으로 안나오니 외워보자, 통째로.

2. I've got one for you: 하나 물어보자.

3. no more, no less: 그 이상도 그 이하도 아닌, 딱 그만큼.

4. (from) door to door: 출발에서 도착지까지/ 집집 마다.
    *It's four hours door to door. book it. you won't regret it.
     The journey takes an hour door to door.

5. I've got to go. 가야 겠다.
    *GTG=got to go
     GTGP=got to go pee

6. head struck: 머리를 부딪쳤다.
    open tib/fib=open fracture of tibia and fibula.  개방성 경골과 비골 골절.
    pulse is weak and thready.  맥박이 약하고 가늘다.

7. Does that hurt? (촉진 하면서) 이렇게 하면 아파요?

8. Why don't you let me do that? 제가 할께요.

9.how are you doing? you are hanging in there? 어때요? 참을만 해요?
   * hang (on) in : 버티다. 견디다.

10. Let's get Rog from ortho(orthopedic surgery) down here.
      정형외과 로지선생 불러주세요.

11. blood in ear. let's check for glucose.(to) rule out CSF. this guy needs a scan.
      귀에서 피가 나요. CSF(뇌척수액)가 아닌지 알아보기 위해 혈당 체크 해야해요. 이 사람 검사 필요해요.

-> 내가 얻은 동영상 자막에서는 저기 rule out에 to가 생략된 채 말하니까, 그대로 '뇌척수액은 아니니까 검사만 하면 된다.'라고 번역했지만, 정황 상 CSF를 rule out 시키기 위해 글루코즈를 체크하자는 내용인 것 같다.

12.  I know what I'm doing. bossy.: 내 일은 내가 알아서 해요. 상관처럼 굴지마요.

13. He's got a bleed. 출혈이 있어요.
  -> bleed가 명사로도 쓰일 수 있는건가? 거기다가 countable? 모르겠다 -.,-

14. He's totally lucid. : 정신 완전 멀쩡하잖아요.

15, Let's get some film on that leg. 그 다리 엑스레이나 찍읍시다.

16. We're gonna fix you up. 고쳐줄께.

17. The brain puffs up so fast. it rips the blood vessels and you bleed to death inside your skull.
 뇌가 급속도로 부어 올라, 혈관이 찢어지고 두개골 내 죽도록 출혈이 일어난다.

18. You have four minutes to get a transplant team into place. 여기로 장기 이식팀을 4분 안에 보내야 해요.

19. Hang up the phone and drive. 전화 끊고 출발해요.
   *hang up: 전화를 끊다.

20. You should not have died. : 죽지 말았어야 해요.

   *should have p.p의 세가지 용법
    (1) ~했어야만 했어.(책임, 도덕적 의무에 대한 후회)
            you should've called the police.
    (2) ~했어야 했는데 못했어. (이뤄지지 않은 과거에 대한 후회)
            you should not have eaten so much yesterday.
            you should have gone already. 벌써 갔어야 했는데(안 갔네)
    (3) ~했을꺼야. (추측; 시간과 함께)
            Tom should have got home by now. 지금쯤 집에 갔을꺼야.

21. He didn't die from the leg injury. 다리 부상으로 죽은 건 아니에요.


22. He gets killed. 그가 죽어버렸다.

23. What you can do for me is this:
      you can stay the fuck out of my way, that's what  you can do for me.
      What I need is for you to know that i know you.
      I've seen hundreds of you jerk-offs blow through these doors.
      You graduated what, top 10, top 5% of your class?
      right? test scores through the roof,
      but a total fucking retard when it comes to actual patients.
      I know you.

24. He was slipping. 그가 위험하다. (간당간당하다는 뜻으로 한 말인듯)

25. If I tell you to order a scan, you order a goddamn scan.
      검사 처방 내라면 검사 처방을 내야지.

26 It is all on you. 다 니탓이야.



Questions


1. What's the worst delay you've ever experienced on a flight?
      present perfect simple vs present perfect continuous의 의미상의 차이
     * have been cancelled on  a flight ; 당시 그 특정한 비행기만 취소된것을 의미
       have been canceling the flight all day; all day가 하루 종일을 뜻하므로, 하루 종일 취소되는 것이 반복되었던 것을 의미!(repeated or continuous activity->present perfect continuous)
2. Do you have an exam at the end of the course or does your teacher test your English every week?
3. Do you ever shout when you're angry or do you take a deep breath and count to ten?
     *He was shouting at me, so I got really annoyed.
      -shout at sbd: ~에게 가까이서 소리친다는 의미. (지랄 하는거지)
      -shout to sbd/sth(direction etc): 에게/를 향해 큰 소리로 말한다는 의미. 

     *nag sbd: 잔소리 하다. 바가지 긁다. 
     
4. Would you ever queue overnight for a product you've seen in a sale?

5. When you're cooking, do you weigh everything exactly or do you just make a guess?

6. Is the best cure for a headache to take a pill or just to relax?

7. Do you think people should get a fine for driving too fast or should they lose their license?

8. In a restaurant, do you complain if the service is bad?
    Do you always tip the waiter if it's good?
    * make a complaint. 
      complain about~
      to rant and rage about sth       (rant: 고함치다, 큰소리로 불평하다)
         e.g) He ranted all night about the bad service. 

    * spit at sbd  ~에게 침을 뱉다
      spit in public/the street 거리 또는 공공장소에 침을 뱉다. 
     
     
9. Would you ever lie or do you always tell the truth?
    *to tell a white lie <-> direct person

10. When you compare yourself to other people, are you quite calm or are you often in a hurry?


Useful expressions for answering to the above questions...


1. I tend to~
2. No, I wouldn't.
3. Yes, I think...
4. For me, ~
5. I think...
6. I always/sometimes/rarely/never~
7. It really depends on ~
8. It really gets on my nerves.....
9. It gets on my nerves~(situation)
    He really gets on my nerves, because...(person)
10. people talking loudly(people/situation) drives me up the wall. (=drives me round the bend)
     * up the wall: 미친, 화가 난
       round the bend: 미친, 머리가 돈
        e.g) she's gone completely round the bend. 
               I'll go round the bend. 미쳐 버리겠어 

11. do the washing up: only for the plates
      =do the dishes
      do the washing: clothes(미국식: do the laundry)
 
12. to brag/boast about sth: 자랑하다. 떠벌리다. (negative)
      *his performance is nothing to brag about. 별로 자랑할 만한게 못된다. 
       Don't brag. 재지(째지) 마라. 
       She's always boasting about how wonderful her child are. 애들 자랑하다. 

13. to flap their wings: 날개를 파닥거리다.
       =flutter


     


Vocabulary


raise
(돈의 액수나 요구 등의 정도를) 높이다.
->It has been raising money for over twenty years to fund projects that help poor and vulnerable people in the UK and across the world's poorest countries. 

eye-opening:(adj)
괄목할 만한, 놀랄 만한.
->My first eye-opening experience was in Busan.
   It's been eye-opening.
   It was an eye-opening experience.

hooting cars: 경적을 울리는 자동차들

unaccustomed:(adj)=not used to
~에 익숙하지 않은
*unaccustomed to: ~에 익숙하지 않은.

worn out:(adj)
닳아서 못쓰게 된, 닳고 닳은, 진부한, 낡은, 헌.



Grammar_Present Perfect Simple and Continuous


Present perfect simple(단순현재완료): 예전에 일어났던 일이 지금까지 이르고 있을 때,
또는 종료된 경우.
Present perfect continuous(현재완료진행):예전에 일어났던 일이 지금에도 영향을 미치고 있음을 생생하게 표현하고자 하는 차이.

[Rules]

1. 둘 다 사용 가능한 경우

    ;activity or state which started in the past and continues up to now
   ->I've been working here for a year. (O)
      I've worked here for a year(O)
   ->It has been raising money for over twenty years. (O)
      It has raised money for over twenty years. (O)

2. Use the present perfect simple

    ; (1) with a state verb; 상태동사는 진행의 의미를 가지고 있으므로 진행형 쓰지 않음.
         ->I've had this nose on since 8 o'clock this morning
           *상태동사: 존재- be, become, exist, consist
                             감각- see, hear, smell, feel, sound, taste
                             외관: look, seem, appear, resemble, weigh
                             생각: think, believe, understand, mean, know, doubt, forget, remember, aree, disagree...
                             소유: have, own, possess, belong
                             감정: love, fear, envy, like, dislike, prefer, hate, mind, appreciate
                             소망: want, need, wish, hope
       (2) for a completed action
          ->I've closed the shop.
       (3) for a completed result, in answer to how much/many?
          ->To date, it has raised money over half a billion pounds.

3. Use the present perfect continuous

    ; (1) for a repeated or continuous activity. 
          ->We've been dancing for twelve hours.
       (2) when there is present evidence of a recent activity. 

Vocabulary_social issues


pollution: (noun) 
the presence in or introduction into the environment of a substance which has harmful or poisonous effects
    the level of pollution in the air is rising. 
poverty:(noun)
the state of being extremely poor
the state of being inferior in quality or insufficient in amount. 

drought:(noun)
a prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, leading to a shortage of water

famine:(noun)
extreme scarcity of food. (*scarcity: 부족, 결핍)

drunkenness:(noun)
the state of being drunk
   A growing problem of drunkenness

drug abuse:
the habitual taking of illegal drugs

divorce:
(noun) the legal dissolution of a marriage by a court or other competent body
(verb) legally dissolve one's marriage with someone. 

domestic violence:(noun)
violent or aggressive behaviour within the home, typically involving the violent abuse of a spouse or partner

debt:(noun)
a sum of money that is owed or due
   I paid off my debts. 
  *be in someone's debt; owe gratitude to someone for a service or favour
    God bless you-I am forever in your debt. 

obesity:(noun)
the state of being grossly fat or overweight
   the problem of obesity among children. 

lack of drinking water 

homelessness:(noun)
A person without a home, and therefore typically living on the streets. 



Useful language

- I think ....is one of the biggest social problems we face. 
- I think this is a growing/rising/increasing problem. 

- this is a worldwide issue. 
- this is an issue which is really specific to Korea. 

- for this not to be such an issue I think we have to ....
- in order to reduce/stop/ this we really should....
- It's a very complex issue, I really wouldn't know where to start!




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